ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the longitudinal relationship between upward social comparison and online aggressive behavior among college students, in order to provide an empirical evidence for educators to carry out mental health promotion for college students.@*Methods@#From December 2021 to March 2022, 539 college students from one university in Inner Mongolia were recruited to complete the Upward Social Comparison Questionnaire (USCQ) and Online Aggressive Behavior Scale (OABS) in a 4 month follow-up study. The structural equation model was used to conduct cross-lagged analysis.@*Results@#The mean scores of upward social comparison for college students tracked at baseline (T1) and 4 months follow-up (T2) were (2.77±0.93, 2.70±1.00) points, and the mean scores of online aggressive behavior were (1.06±0.13, 1.05±0.11) points. There were positive relations between upward social comparison and online aggressive behavior of college students at both cross-sectional levels ( r=0.14-0.19, P <0.05). In the autoregression, T1 upward social comparison could positively predict T2 upward social comparison ( β =0.66), and T1 online aggressive behavior could positively predict T2 online aggressive behavior ( β =0.47)( P <0.01); In the cross-lagged regression, T1 upward social comparison could positively predict T2 online aggressive behavior ( β=0.10, P <0.01), whereas T1 online aggressive behavior could not predict T2 upward social comparison ( β=0.04, P >0.05).@*Conclusion@#Upward social comparison is the cause of online aggressive behavior among college students. The probability of online aggressive behavior among college students should be reduced by guiding students to correctly view the gap between themselves and others.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To analyze the association between clinicopathological factors and clinical diagnosis, treatment and surgery of local regional recurrence (LRR) in breast cancer.@*Methods@#A retrospective study was done to evaluate consecutive 7 823 breast cancer LRR cases between January 2009 and August 2018 at Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. A total of 108 LRR patients were enrolled: 35 cases (32.4%) with ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) after breast conserving surgery, 40 cases (37.0%) of chest wall recurrence (CR), and 33 cases (30.6%) with regional lymph node recurrence (LNR). All patients were female, aged from 26 to 83 years with a mean of 49 years. Clinicopathological factor and its relationship with different sites of LRR and following surgical choice were analyzed by χ2 test, rank-sum test and Logistic regression. Survival analysis were performed between different LRR patterns and whether undergoing second surgery. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Log-rank tests demonstrated the distribution of overall survival.@*Results@#Both univariate analysis and multivariate analysis found that axillary lymph nodes (ALN) status (OR=7.27, 95% CI: 1.30 to 40.53, P=0.042) and disease-free interval (OR=0.18, 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.60, P=0.013) were related to different site of LRR. Compared with patients with IBTR, LNR and CR patients had a higher rate of ALN metastasis and a shorter disease-free interval. A total of 36 LRR patients underwent following surgery. In univariate analysis, initial ALN surgery (χ2=16.705, P=0.001), pathological type (χ2=7.047, P=0.03), ALN status (χ2=10.812, P=0.002), disease-free interval (χ2=6.118, P=0.023) and LRR site(χ2=19.328, P=0.000) were associated with surgical treatment for LRR patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only site of LRR was independently associated with surgery (OR=0.17, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.65, P=0.024). The 5-year overall survival was 100% and 60.1% (P=0.018) for LRR patients treated with surgery or not. Furthermore, CR patients had significantly worse overall survival than LNR and IBTR patients, with 5-year overall survival 53.1%, 73.5%, and 100% respectively (P=0.021).@*Conclusions@#Initial lymph nodes metastasis and disease-free interval are associated with different site of LRR. LRR site significantly influenced following surgery choice after LRR, which are both related with overall survival after LRR.